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Autism Diagnosis Today (4): Late Diagnosis
In recent years, increasing attention has been devoted to the phenomenon of autism diagnosis in adolescence and adulthood . Waiting lists for assessment have grown rapidly. In England, for example, the average waiting time for an autism diagnosis reached 300 days , substantially exceeding the 91-day target recommended by NICE (Fagg & Woodhead 2023). The rising demand for assessment reflects a broader shift in public awareness and clinical practice. Public discussion often pre
Mar 1210 min read
![The 5th edition, published in 2013, set out to simplify and modernise the nosology of autism-related disorders, replacing the DSM-IV’s cluster of Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDDs) — Autistic Disorder, Asperger’s Disorder, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, Rett’s Disorder[1] and PDD-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) — with a single diagnosis: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The intent was, in principle, laudable: a spectrum captures gradation and avoids splits between “high-” and “low-functioning” labels. In practice, DSM-5 produced a conceptual flattening by collapsing important distinctions and introduced criteria so under-specified they undermine diagnostic coherence – creating a set of internal contradictions that have done more to muddy than to clarify diagnosis.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/904f97_7ed4d390f69f44a3bee34406e457dba0~mv2.png/v1/fill/w_1332,h_1000,fp_0.50_0.50,q_35,blur_30,enc_avif,quality_auto/904f97_7ed4d390f69f44a3bee34406e457dba0~mv2.png)
![The 5th edition, published in 2013, set out to simplify and modernise the nosology of autism-related disorders, replacing the DSM-IV’s cluster of Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDDs) — Autistic Disorder, Asperger’s Disorder, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, Rett’s Disorder[1] and PDD-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) — with a single diagnosis: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The intent was, in principle, laudable: a spectrum captures gradation and avoids splits between “high-” and “low-functioning” labels. In practice, DSM-5 produced a conceptual flattening by collapsing important distinctions and introduced criteria so under-specified they undermine diagnostic coherence – creating a set of internal contradictions that have done more to muddy than to clarify diagnosis.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/904f97_7ed4d390f69f44a3bee34406e457dba0~mv2.png/v1/fill/w_1364,h_1024,fp_0.50_0.50,q_95,enc_avif,quality_auto/904f97_7ed4d390f69f44a3bee34406e457dba0~mv2.png)
When a Spectrum Becomes a Vacuum: How DSM-5 Broke Autism Diagnosis and Fed a Diagnostic Epidemic
A Simplification That Simplifies Nothing The 5 th edition, published in 2013, set out to simplify and modernise the nosology of autism-related disorders, replacing the DSM-IV’s cluster of Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDDs) — Autistic Disorder, Asperger’s Disorder, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, Rett’s Disorder [ 1 ] and PDD-Not Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS) — with a single diagnosis: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The intent was, in principle, laudable: a spectrum
Nov 23, 20258 min read
Theory of Mind Across Clinical and Neuropsychological Disorders: A Transdiagnostic Perspective
The theory of mind (ToM) has been instrumental in shaping research in psychology, neuroscience, and artificial intelligence, providing a theoretical framework for investigating the cognitive processes underlying social interaction and communication. Social cognitive deficits appear to be a core cognitive phenotype of many clinical conditions (Cotter et al. 2018). Early work in social cognition focused on the central role of ToM impairments as a hallmark feature of ASD (Baro
Feb 7, 20255 min read
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